Television Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Television - Research Paper Example San Francisco and its sights were incorporated very well in the show, as locations in the city were shown each episode and given the emphasis and focus on the city itself and its popular locations. Another show that was shot in San Francisco was a reality show called "The Real World: San Francisco" and featured various people from the city living together for a few months in a sealed house and being followed and monitored by cameras. The city itself was clearly not incorporated in the show, but the mentality of the city and its residents was expressed as all of the contestants were local. A show called MythBusters was also filmed in San Francisco. It was a popular science program that focused on urban legends, popular beliefs, rumors and other myths. In each episode, the cast would focus on one or more of those and go out to try and prove or disprove them. The locations the crew went to were all in San Francisco, but the city doesnt play a major role in the show. Contrary to these shows, many shows have been filmed in other locations, mainly Los Angeles or Vancouver for example, but "took place" in San Francisco. In other words, the plot was about the city of San Francisco, while the show wasnt actually shot in the city. For example, the popular show Charmed was filmed in Los Angeles but also featured opening and closing shots of San Francisco, especially the Golden Gate Bridge and skyscrapers in the city. The show was about three sisters who were witches and that fought the forces of evil, including demons, warlocks, evil witches, and dark wizards and so on. In this show, the city was always in the background. Although it wasnt shot in San Francisco, the filming locations tried to give the sensation of San Francisco. Also, there were many scenes featuring the Golden Gate Bridge and taking place in it. One other example for such a show is the show Full House, which told the story of a widower named Danny Tanner who is raising his three young daughters with

The Changes in Law Enforcement Essay Example for Free

The Changes in Law Enforcement Essay All together law enforcement has changed, but few see the drastic changes that have happened. Everyday, police and sheriffs are working to keep the people in their community safe. With improved technological advances and social changes, police and sheriffs are keeping a closer eye on things today. For example, improved weapons such as tasers have helped keep suspects safe, computers in police cruisers allow instant access of information of individuals. Other social changes, such as women allowed to join the police forces have helped law enforcement a lot with domestic violence cases because they are calmer then most men. No matter what happens police and the sheriffs will be there to protect and serve their community everyday of the year, both nighttime and daytime; crime never sleeps and neither does law enforcement. Police have been a part of society for many years. However, â€Å"police as we know them today – an armed force maintained by the state to perform the functions and paid a salary rather than a share of fines – are a rather recent phenomenon† (Miller). Police forces were formed in all major US cities during the latter half of the nineteenth century† (Miller). According to Miller, police in the United States developed â€Å"†¦from the British tradition†. Like in London, police duties were limited to patrolling and gradually increased into investigation. Police should have been established earlier then the nineteenth century but society may have not been ready for it. â€Å"At the time of their founding, the police were viewed not as an out-growth o f the state’s ability to make law but as a manifestation of its ability to use violence† (Miller). Most people today say that wasn’t the reason why society created the police. Law Enforcement has its purpose in society. â€Å"The purpose of Law Enforcement is to prevent, interdict, and investigate crimes and prosecute criminals† (Miller). One of the key duties of any police department is to deter crime by visible presence. â€Å"Over time, however, investigating and solving crimes has evolved into one of the most important functions of the police† (Miller). If police do not prosecute the criminals, then the criminals will continue to run the streets causing havoc and putting innocent people in danger. The investigation of crimes has not changed since the rise of the police in the mid nineteenth century, but the way in which they go about it has changed a great deal† (Miller). With the use of fingerprints, DNA and video surveillance, it is now easier to identify the suspects. â€Å"Once a suspect has been identified, the police must supply the state†™s attorney with sufficient evidence to prove the suspects guilt† (Miller). This helps to ensure that the correct person is prosecuted. Even today laws are being enforced but eventually they will get broken. Law Enforcement has drastically changed throughout its creation in the year of 1667. â€Å"Law Enforcement officers are facing a tougher environment today interacting with a greater diversity of people of many cultures, faiths, race and lifestyles† (St. Hilaire). People need to realize that the police are here to help them no matter what they believe in. â€Å"As many officers have experienced recently that we as a profession are receiving the frustrations of the public over many issues including hatred of our government† (St. Hilaire). Just because the government is not perfect does not mean that police do not want to help the public. â€Å"Some changes we may not have control over like shift schedules, assignments, the color of the uniform shirt and the outcome of other’s actions† (St. Hilaire). Obviously, the government cannot control what a police station does because if they change something it can put everything out of order. With everything that has happened, Law Enforcement has made itself worthy of serving the community. Another key change in Law Enforcement is the use of force. The Rodney King incident brought into question the use of force by law enforcement. â€Å"The King affair transformed basic practices of policing, not just in Los Angeles but across the country† (Deutsch). Many of the changes had been needed for years, but were never addressed. â€Å"The king beating and trial set in motion overdue reforms in the LAPD and that had a ripple effect of law enforcement throughout the country† (Deutsch). Since this had such a major effect on the lapd in almost destroyed their reputation. The Rodney King beating almost destroyed the reputation of the Los Angeles Police Department. In the aftermath of the Rodney king beating a lot of things changed with police on the field. â€Å"In the wake of the Rodney king case; cameras became standard equipment in patrol cars all over the nation† (Marcou). In doing this police now cannot cover up an incident that they were a part of. â€Å"As far as citizens recording police, there is still much disagreement about how it should be handled† (Marcou). Nowhere in the constitution does it say the citizens cannot film stuff that is happening outside their house. â€Å"When it comes to training, officers are told â€Å"have your camera going at all times.

Introduction to Negligence, Tort Law

Introduction to Negligence, Tort Law Discuss what is meant by a ‘duty of care’ in the tort of negligence. Explain the test which is applied in the tort of negligence to determine whether the defendant breached the legal duty of care owed to the claimant. What factors would a court take into account when determining how a reasonable person would act? Duty of care Test applied for determining Factors court would take into account to determine how a reasonable person would act Tort law Tort in general are a set of rights, obligation that are provided to the citizen by a civil court in order to maintain safety of people and provide remedies for persons who have been inflicted suffering/losses by the wrongdoings of other citizens. (http://legal dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Tort+Law) A tort is a wrongdoing by a citizen towards another for which he/she is tried in the court of law. The plaintiff is the person against whom the wrong has been committed and who has suffered losses. Whereas, the person because of whom the damages/losses have occurred to the plaintiff is known as the defendant. The law of tort is obtained from common law principles that have come from case laws and legislative enactment. Torts are not dependent on any sort of agreement between the two parties involved and this is how tort law is distinguishable from breach of contract or any other type of law. Moreover, it is the citizen who brings the tort case even though criminal prosecutions are applied by the state. Defendants, in case of tort law, do not receive fines and neither do civil courts incarcerate them. (http://www.findlaw.co.uk/law/government/constitutional_law/500400.html) The word tort is derived from a latin word ‘torquere’, meaning incorrect or twisted. There was no separate legal action under the English common law. In place of tort the English law system provided plaintiffs with two options of reparation: trespass for direct injuries and for indirect injury, action on the case. In time, other civil wrongdoings were also recognized by the English common law, for ex Defamation, libel, slander. English common law became popular in America and they started adopting it. The first U.S. treatises that were published had a portion of common law which was created under the tort law. Every tort action requires some criteria to be fulfilled. First, the plaintiff must prove that the defendant had a legal obligation to act in a particular manner. Second, the plaintiff must prove that the defendant breached this duty by acting in a wrong way. Third, the plaintiff must be able to prove that he suffered losses, damage and injury because of the defendant not being able to follow his legal duty. (http://legal dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Tort+Law) The law of tort aims to serve the following objectives. First, tort law aims at providing compensation to the plaintiff for injury/losses suffered due to the misdoings of the defendant. Second, it tries to punish the defendant by making them pay for the cost of such losses/injury. Third, it seeks to make sure that such an irresponsible, careless behavior is discouraged in the future. Lastly, tort law seeks to claim the legal rights that are compromised or diminished. The above mentioned objectives me into play when the tort liability is imposed on defendants for negligence, intentional misdoings. Types of tort Intentional Torts Intentional tort is when a citizen or a group of people purposely indulge in an activity that harms or causes damage to another. For example, one person attacking another in a fight will be considered as an intentional act that would come under this tort. Seeing the above example it may look like an intentional tort may be categorized as a criminal case, but there are some differences between them. A crime can be thought of as when an individual’s actions damages or injures the interest of the society. Whereas, an intentional tort is when the actions of an individual affects/injures the property/well-being of one individual. While in a criminal case the charges are brought on by the government and can lead to jail sentence, in a tort the victim presses the charges against the defendant and is usually seeking for monetary compensation for the injury/damages caused by the defendant. Negligence Every individual/citizen is anticipated to behave in a particular manner and conduct themselves responsibly. This is also considered as a legal duty of the citizens as this would reduce the risk of damage/injury/harm to the others. If a citizen fails to abide by these requirements he/she is said to be negligent and the act comes under negligence. Tort of negligence has been the most prevalent tort. A lot different than the tort of intention, negligence tort doesn’t consider intentional actions by a person, whereas it takes into account the cases where an individual acts carelessly and fails to obey the above mentioned legal duties towards fellow citizen causing them harm/injury/damage. The most common case is of slip and fall wherein a property owner fails to behave as a rational person would, hence causing harm to the visitor. Strict Liability This type of tort (strict/absolute) involves imposing responsibility, for a damage/injury/harm, on the person who has done wrong without the requirement of proof of negligence or intention. What only count is that an action transpired which eventually led to injury/damage/harm of another person. The most major example is of defective products, where the liability is imposed irrespective of intent. In such cases the only requirement the injured person has to fulfill is to prove that the injury was directly caused by the malfunction of the product in order to have the law on their side. The company’s intention is this case is not taken into consideration. Business tort (http://www.inc.com/articles/1999/11/15387.html) In business tort the damage is not done to an individual but to imperceptible assets such as economic interest or business relations or contracts. Fraudulent Misrepresentation Fraudulent misrepresentation aims at protecting an individual’s economic interests and also their right to reasonable and true treatment. If a plaintiff wishes to file a fraud claim he/she must prove that the defendant purposely misrepresented a fact which the plaintiff relied on and was eventually harmed/suffered losses due to the misrepresentation. For example, if a company presents factually wrong/misleading financial statements to a bank in order to procure a loan and the bank relying on those statements provides the loan then the bank is eligible to file a case for fraud against the company if they aren’t able to pay the loan back. Fraud claim can be filed if the defendant had the duty to disclose a fact but he/she failed to do so. Like for instance a financial advisor on behalf of both buyer and seller may be held for fraud if he has knowledge about the toxic content of the property and fails to tell this to the buyer. TORT OF NEGLIGENCE The most common kind of tort that one comes across is the tort of negligence and is generally used to represent behavior that causes the unreasonable risk of harm to other individuals. There are a few elements that are required to be established for the negligence tort. They are as follows: A duty of care should exist between the plaintiff and the defendant. The defendant breaching that duty of care. Defendants breach causes direct harm/ injury/damage to the plaintiff. DUTY OF CARE A duty of care is when a person is required to behave carefully, with responsibility and attention towards other individuals in a way a reasonable person would. If the individual fails to meet the expected standard of care then they behavior is considered negligent and any damage/harm resulting from it may be filed for negligence it the court of law. (http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/duty+of+care) Judges making decisions in various cases involving tort of negligence has led to the gradual development of duty of care. This first came to light in a case of negligence of donoghuev v Stevenson (1932) in which the plaintiff (mrs. Donoghuev) went to a cafà © with a friend of hers. Her friend brought her a drink of ginger beer and ice cream. The contents of the beer couldn’t be seen as it was in a dark bottle. Mrs. Donoghuev drank some of the beer and then poured the rest out and to her shock saw a dead, decomposing snail in the drink. This horrified mrs. Donoghuev and led to her becoming ill. The main reason of her falling ill was the sight and the ginger beer she had already drunk. In spite of clear negligence on the part of the manufacturer mrs. Donoghuev couldn’t claim against the manufacturer or the shopkeeper based on contract since she wasn’t the one who bought the drink. Mrs. Donoghuev’s friend bought the drink hence she could claim against the cafà © based on contract, but again since her friend didn’t suffer any kind of illness/losses apart from the fact that she had bought the defective good. In this case the only remedy that could be provided was money back to the friend and no remedy for mrs. Donoghuev’s health. Hence, mrs. Donoghuev decided to file a claim against the drink’s manufacturer (Stevenson). Her claims were based on the stomach illness and resulting shock from the consumption of the beer and the sight respectively. Whether her claim against the drink’s manufacturer would succeed or no was now dependent on the court’s decision. This situation led to lord Atkin’s famous statement. â€Å"The rule that you are to love your neighbour becomes in law, you must not injure your neighbour; and the lawyer’s question, ‘Who is my neighbour?’ receives a restricted reply.You must take reasonable care to avoid acts or omissions which you can reasonably foresee would be likely to injure your neighbour.Who, then, in law is my neighbour? The answer seems to be: persons who are so closely and directly affected by my act that I ought reasonably to have them in contemplation as being so affected when I am directing my mind to the acts or omissions which are called in question.† Donoghuev v stevenson (1932) was the first attempt that succeeded to set out a general principle with respect to the concept of the duty of care. As the lawyers began to realize that the above mentioned principle could be changed to be used with various types of cases, the test was restructured to create the three part test in the case of caparo v dickman (1990) The general parameters set in the test for caparo v dickman were as follows It should be reasonably foreseeable that an individual in the plaintiff’s position was at risk of injury/harm/damage. There should be satisfactory proximity between the two parties. Proximity here means that two parties involved should be close enough such that it is ‘reasonably foreseeable’ that negligence by one party leads to damage/injury to the other party. It should be just, rational and realistic to enforce liability on the defendant. All the above mentioned parameters should be met if a duty of care is to be payable by the defendant to the plaintiff. Also there is a necessity for each part to be proved and explained separately and unambiguously. Caparo Test The First Part – Foreseeablility This test is objective. Would it be foreseeable that someone in the claimants place might be injured by a reasonable individual? In Donoghue v Stevenson (1932) it can be seen that the consumer’s health will be affected if the snail gets into the bottle. This particular situation is of supplying consumable products with foreign bodies in it and a reasonable individual would be able to foresee that the consumer (plaintiff) may very likely be injured. In the case of Kent v Griffiths (2000) a patient was suffering from a serious asthma attack and therefore a doctor ordered an ambulance to take the patient to the hospital immediately. The ambulance control centre received the messaged and they acknowledged it. Without any acceptable reason the ambulance arrived very late, the result of which was that the patient suffered a heart attack. The heart attack could have been avoided if she had been attended to earlier. A reasonable individual would find it foreseeable that that the ambulance’s failure to arrive in time would cause the patient to suffer from serious harm. There have also been various cases where the courts have decided that it isn’t reasonably foreseeable that the plaintiff would suffer harm. For instance, in Bournhill v Young (1943) a motorcyclist crashed into a car and was killed due to driving too fast. Mrs. Bournhill, who was very close to the scene, was eight months pregnant. Mrs. Bournhill only heard the incident but didn’t actually see it. As she witnessed the blood on the road and body it led to her experiencing a severe shock which further led to her baby being born still. She filed a case against the motorcyclist blaming him for her plight. But the court denied her claims as they decided that the motorcyclist couldn’t have reasonably foreseen that his accident would affect mrs. Bournhill, hence he didn’t owe any duty of care to her. The Second Part – Proximity A duty of care exists only when the harm caused is reasonably foreseeable and also if the relation between the plaintiff and the defendant is sufficiently close. The same can also be seen in the case of Osman v Ferguson (1993) in which the police officers were aware of the risk the victim was at. The victim was hence murdered by the attacker. During the proceedings the courts established that the plaintiff and defendant had a sufficiently close relationship. However, the case failed because it was decided that it isn’t fair, just to impose a duty of care on the police. The Third Part – Fair, just and reasonable Generally, courts refrain from imposing a duty of care on the public authorities. However, is few situations the police do somehow owe a duty of care. In the case of MPC v Reeves (2001) a man with suicidal tendencies was taken into custody by the police. He hanged himself to death in the cell while he was in custody. In this particular case the police did owe the victim a duty of care. Breach of Duty Once a claimant has proved the duty of care is owed he must then show that the defendant breached that duty. This is merely when the defendant falls below the standard of care appropriate to the duty. Breach of duty is measured objectively by the ‘reasonable man test’. The reasonable man is the ordinary person performing the particular task: he is expected to perform it reasonably competently. Thus, when I am riding my bicycle, I am expected to be a reasonably competent cyclist who can ride a bicycle. Therefore, a number of factors that can be considered to raise or lower the standard. This is logical because a reasonable person will rightly take greater risks in an emergency, and take more care when the risk of harm is greater. For a breach of duty to occur, the court will take four factors into account: Now that the plaintiff has proved that duty of care exists the next step is to show that the defendant has breached that duty. -Thedegree of riskinvolved: the greater the risk, the more the defendant has to take care. (Bolton v Stone 1951). -Thecost of precautions: the courts will see how high the risk is involved, and then take into account the expense of taking precautions to prevent that risk (Bolton v Stone and Latimer v AEC). Potential seriousness of injures: so if there is a very high risk of serious injury, the more the defendant needs to be very careful (Paris v Stepney B.C. 1951). -Theimportance of the activity: in an emergency, sometimes it is not possible to reflect, think of a possible risk (Marshall v Osmand 1982). Standard for experts– where the defendant has some expertise, for example, he is a doctor carrying out medical treatment, then the standard of care is that which would normally be expected from a doctor. InBolam v Friern Hospital Management (1957)the judge said: A man need not possess the highest expert skill; it is †¦ sufficient if he exercises the ordinary skill of an ordinary competent man exercising that particular art. In some situations, it is difficult to know exactly what happened, although it is found obvious that the defendant was negligent. In these situations a rule calledres ipsa loquitur, which means (things speak for themselves) was developed by judges. It has to be shown that: à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·The defendant was in control of the situation (causing injury). à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·The injury was more likely than not to be caused by negligence. If the claimant proves these two things then the defendant has to prove that he was not negligent. This rule was shown in the case ofScott v London and St. Katherine Docks (1865)where the claimant was hit by six bags of sugar which fell from the defendant’s warehouse. The claimant could not say why the bags had fallen but the court ruled that the facts spoke for themselves and it was up to the defendant to prove that he was not negligent.

Properties Of HighÂlime Fly Ash Concrete :: Concrete

PROPERTIES OF HIGHÂâ€"LIME FLY ASH CONCRETE ABSTRACT Fly ash is a waste product from coal based thermal power stations. About seven million tons of fly ash is being produced annually from these thermal power stations in Turkey. Concerted efforts are needed to make the material used to a great extent. These paper give the results of an investigation on the performance of fly ash concrete made with ASTM C class fly ashes from two sources. PC42,5 cement used in the experiments conforms to TS19 (Turkish Standards). A comparison between concretes with and without fly ash was provided for various aspects. All the concrete mixtures contained polyhydroxy carbon salt plasticizer which complies with ASTM C 494-81 Type D. Their workabilities were kept constant. As freshly-mixed concrete properties slump, unit weight, air content, setting time and bleeding values were determined. As mechanical properties compressive strength and were measured after 24 hours, 7, 28 and 90 days. Durability in terms of freezing and thawing resistance (ASTM C 666 Procedure A), and permeability were also investigated. Keywords: Fly ash, concrete properties, binder material, micro-structure Senel Artirma, Geophysics Engineer, Quality Assurance Manager of Nuh Beton Ready-Mixed Concrete Company, Turkey. Erdem Tandirli, Civil Engineer, Quality Control Chief of Nuh Beton Ready-Mixed Concrete Company, Turkey. 1 1. INTRODUCTION Environmental hazards and over-comsumption of energy resources has been and still are the most concerning issues for the modern world. In this respect the usage of fly ash which is a waste product of the thermal power stations by ready-mixed concrete industry as a binder material can be an effective way both of decreasing the ash discharge out to the environment and of cement consumption thus of saving the resources on a national scale. From the concrete technology's point of view, the usage of fly ash causes qualitative changes in concrete properties. The answer to whether these changes were improvement or not can be given only by knowing the intentions of usage. For this purpose fly ashes were added both in addition to and as a substitute for some part of the cement, and fresh and hardened concrete properties were investigated. 2. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES 2.1 Materials 2.1.1 Cement The cement used is Turkish, portland cement (PC 42.5) and comforms to Turkish standart TS19 while approximately corresponds to ASTM C 150-89 Type I. Its chemical composition, and principal compounds are summarized in Table 1.a, physical and mechanical properties in Table 1.b along with standart limits. Table 1.a Ââ€" Chemical properties of cement Chemical Composition Components, % PC 42.5 TS 19 ASTM Type I SiO2 21.16 - - Al2O3 3.60 - - Fe2O3 4.50 - - CaO 64.90 - - MgO 1.20 5 max.

Hydrological Ecosystem Services Modelling

Hydrologic theoretical accounts are necessary to interpret climatic forcing ( rainfall and temperature ) to lake rainfall, vaporization, and watershed influx. It is defined by Maidment ( 2000 ) as â€Å"a mathematical representation of the flow of H2O and its constituents on some portion of the land surface or subsurface environment† . There are different tools for Water Resource Management characterised as: a ) Hydrologic Models ( physical procedures ) that simulate river basin hydrologic processes ( H2O balance, rainfall-runoff, lake simulation, watercourse H2O quality theoretical accounts, etc. ) and b ) Water Resource Models ( physical and direction ) that simulate current and future supply/demand of system, runing regulations and policies, environmental impacts, hydroelectric production and Decision Support Systems ( DSS ) for policy interaction. Hydrological theoretical accounts are usually designed for stationary conditions, but they are used under conditions of alterat ion in clime alteration surveies ( Xu et al. , 2005 ) . To measure the variableness of surface H2O and groundwater resources over selected Iberian river basins several different plans can be used. Modelling is now a common tool in the field of hydrological research, and a rapid development of computational power, the ability to pattern the natural H2O rhythm has progressed tremendously over the recent decennaries. Considerable attempt has been expended on developing improved catchment hydrological theoretical accounts for gauging the effects of clime alteration ( Arnell and Liu, 2001 ) . Many new techniques and methodological analysiss have been raised to ease the river basin research. For illustration, the usage of GIS, remote feeling techniques, rainfall-runoff modeling, assorted patterning appraisals, H2O quality appraisals, river basin hydrology and so on. A quantitative analysis of river discharge is the base for all other fluxes researches like foods or H2O eroding modeling. However, the methodological analysis of quantitative analy sis or discharge modeling is really different from part to part. Although the construct of the hydrologic rhythm is simple, the phenomena are tremendously complex and intricate. The hydrological theoretical accounts are developed to analyze the future impacts of clime and socio-economic alterations on catchment hydrology and hence, the standardization and proof of the preexisting regionalised attacks demands to be carried over a sufficiently broad scope of catchment conditions such that the attack stays within or shut to the standardization scope. Water flat fluctuations during extremum flow season and H2O deficit or dry periods creates more informations uncertainness. Of major concern is the decrease in low flows and lowered groundwater degrees, which might take to H2O deficits, particularly during summer periods ( Arnell and Liu, 2001 ) . Normally low flow rivers are ignored by the establishments to enter river flow and put in adequate gauging Stationss in the water parting. However in the absence of perfect cognition, they may be represented in a simplified manner by agencies of the systems construct. Water allotment modeling has received considerable attending in the recent yesteryear by the scientific community for the analysis of H2O utilizations by all viing sectors. For illustration, an economic theoretical account is developed by Bielsa and Duarte ( 2001 ) for apportioning H2O between two viing sectors, irrigation and hydropower in NE Spain. Babel et al. , ( 2005 ) developed a simple synergistic incorporate H2O allotment theoretical account ( IWAM ) , which can help the contrivers and determination shapers in optimum allotment of limited H2O from a storage reservoir to different user sectors, sing socio-economic, environmental and proficient aspects.Water allotment mold is sort of a river basin direction determination support system ( DSS ) designed as a computer-aided tool for developing improved basin broad planning. Analysis is carried out for H2O balance of the river basins under different degrees of H2O users and determines the H2O allotment in the basin. 2.3 Ecosystem services patterning Hydrological procedures have been identified as presenting ecosystem services that are cardinal to both human wellbeing and the care of biodiversity. However, patterning the connexions between landscape alterations and hydrologic procedures is non simple. Sophisticated theoretical accounts of these connexions and associated procedures ( such as the WEAP theoretical account ) are resource and informations intensive and require significant expertness. Freshwater ecosystems provide society with the indispensable services of H2O supply for its nutriment, economic activity, and diversion, every bit good as home ground for its fresh water piscary. The WaterGAP theoretical account, used by Alcamo et Al. ( 2003a, 2003b ) to quantify freshwater-related ecosystem services, computes H2O handiness on a grid and river basin graduated table by taking into history precipitation/snowmelt, vaporization, groundwater storage and overflow. The theoretical account estimates future H2O backdowns harmonizing to alterations in income, population, and electricity demand. Other similar tools include Advanced Terrestrial Ecosystem Analysis and Modelling ( ATEAM ) , ( Schroter et al. , 2005 ) , Artificial Intelligence for Ecosystem Services ( ARIES ) ( Bagstad et al. , 2011 ; Villa et al. , 2011 ) , EcoAIM, Eco Metrix, Ecosystem Services Review ( ESR ) , LUCI ( Jackson et al. , 2013 ) , ES Value, and Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs ( InVEST ) . Ecosystem services theoretical account, Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs ( InVEST ) developed by Natural Capital Project, theoretical accounts for quantifying, function, and valuing the benefits provided by tellurian, fresh water and marine systems. InVEST is designed to inform determinations about natural resource direction. Decision-makers, from authoritiess to non-profits to corporations, frequently manage lands and Waterss for multiple utilizations and necessarily must measure tradeoffs among these utilizations ; InVEST’s multi-service, modular design provides an effectual tool for measuring these tradeoffs ( InVEST user guide, 2.4.4, 2012 ) . Models are needed to expect ecosystem prostrations so that policies can be developed to avoid or accommodate to these prostrations. The MA’s Conditions and Trends Report ( 2005 ) besides points out the demand for â€Å"both conceptual and quantitative theoretical accounts that can get down to give both scientific and policy communities advance warning of when the capacity of systems is get downing to be eroded, or thresholds likely to be reached.† Soil eroding is one of the biggest jobs in connexion with agricultural patterns in many parts of the universe. It is required to develop a streamlined procedure in which dirt loss appraisal and the measure of transported deposit are calculated to place possible bad countries of dirt eroding. Erosion and deposit are natural procedures that contribute to healthy ecosystems, but excessively much may hold terrible effects. The magnitude of sediment conveyance in a water parting is determined by several factors. Natural fluctuation in dirt belongingss, precipitation forms, and incline create forms of eroding and deposit overflow. Vegetation holds dirt in topographic point and gaining controls sediment traveling overland. The Sediment Retention theoretical account provides the user with a tool for ciphering the mean one-year dirt loss from each package of land, finding how much of that dirt may get at a peculiar point of involvement, gauging the ability of each package to retain deposit, a nd measuring the cost of taking the accrued deposit. 2.4 Decision devising tools Decision Support Systems ( DSS ) are considered the best tool for nearing an incorporate analysis of H2O direction. Such systems apply ground similar to that of a human being, who is the expert in the topic ( Stevens, 1984 ) . These systems are provided with informations from many diverse beginnings of information, including experimental consequences, field study informations, and even those obtained from traditional theoretical accounts. Current tools range from simple dispersed sheet theoretical account to complex package bundles. If they are flexible plenty for usage in diverse determination contexts and can be affordably applied, they could moderately be incorporated into public and private-sector environmental determination doing on a everyday footing ( Bagstad et al. , 2013 ) . However, the development of decision-support tools that integrate ecology, economic sciences, and geographics to back up determination devising is a more recent phenomenon ( Ruhl et al. , 2007 ; Daily et al. , 2009 ) . Furthermore, there are besides several commercial package bundles, specifically designed for each type of DSS. DSSs can be either stochastic or deterministic, depending on whether or non they deal with procedures incorporating a grade of uncertainness. Stakeholders’ penchants could bring forth utile information in prioritizing and developing better H2O resource direction programs and besides avoid maximal struggles. The Analytic Hierarchy Process ( AHP ) is a process for depicting elements of a job hierarchically. AHP was used to work out the multi-criteria decision-making job of alternate H2O supply for Francoli river basin. The job is divided into smaller parts and the process guides determination shapers through a series of pair-wise comparing that gives the comparative importance of the elements in the hierarchy. Decision support systems are non merely of import but besides rather complex and is in demand of systems that facilitate more consistent and effectual strategic determinations.

15 Big Little Words

15 Big Little Words 15 Big Little Words 15 Big Little Words By Mark Nichol Sometimes, short and sweet is best, and English includes many three-letter words that help us accommodate our yearning for concise composition or, to be brief, fix our yen for curt prose. Some are workhorse words the article the, the pronouns his and her, conjunctions like and, prepositions such as for, verbs like put and say. However, other three-letter words pack a lot of punch as nouns, adjectives, and verbs (sometimes adaptable to all three forms of speech), and are suitable for purposes as diverse as fitting into a tight headline or packing a punch in prose. Here’s a list of vivid vocabulary consisting of three letters: 1. Apt: appropriate, or suited or inclined 2. Ire: anger 3. Ken: something known or understood, or to know or recognize 4. Wee: small 5. Vex: to distress, irritate, agitate, or puzzle 6. Eke: to accomplish with great effort (also used to mean â€Å"increase† or â€Å"also†) 7. Cog: a tooth on a gear, or, in a figurative sense, a person as an insignificant part of an enterprise; a similar projection on a piece of wood for interconnecting with another piece; also, flattering, or throwing dice unfairly (also used to mean â€Å"to cheat or deceive,† as well as referring to a medieval sailing vessel) 8. Cwm: a valley or hollow 9. Err: to make a mistake, or to transgress 10. Ere: before 11. Gig: a short-term job 12. Yen: a yearning or urge for something 13. Bar: a beam or rod or other manufactured device or natural feature, or a counter for serving drinks or a commercial enterprise for this purpose, but also a verb meaning â€Å"to obstruct or prevent† or in reference to an exception (â€Å"barring that†) 14. Jet: a powerful stream of material, a jetlike emanation, or an airplane that uses jet propulsion, but also a very dark black, a type of glossy coal often used as jewelry 15. Ram: a male sheep, or a tool used for forcing movement or for breaking through a door or other structure, or a part of a vehicle or vessel designed to damage other vehicles or vessels; to use a tool or similar device Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Masters Degree or Master's Degree?Top 11 Writing Apps for iOS (iPhone and iPad)Epidemic vs. Pandemic vs. Endemic

Wal-Mart’s Unethical Behavior Essay Essays

Wal-Mart’s Unethical Behavior Essay Essays Wal-Mart’s Unethical Behavior Essay Paper Wal-Mart’s Unethical Behavior Essay Paper For the past few decennaries Wal-Mart has been criticized and accused for being involved with all kinds of unethical behaviour. Many assorted groups of people have come after Wal-Mart protesting against their company’s policies and concern patterns. Labor. community. environmental. and spiritual groups are some of the most known types of groups that have tried to personally assail Wal-Mart for their deficiency of societal duty. Just some of the many countries that have raised concern by people would be the corporation’s foreign merchandise sourcing. environmental patterns. the usage of public subsidies. and the intervention of employees and merchandise providers. Wal-Mart continues to deny any allegations of errors and unethical behaviour ( Fishman ) . Many narratives have surfaced that would label Wal-Mart as being an unethical company. Some narratives are large. some are little. and some are likely wholly made up. However. there is a batch of grounds that shows how unethical Wal-Mart has been in many different types of fortunes. Prior to 2007 it was estimated that 87. 000 Wal-Mart employees were cheated out of $ 34 million because the Wal-Mart executives failed to pay workers overtime. Some even admitted that they were trained by their higher-ups to non pay anyone overtime. This is a really immoral act because the workers are non acquiring paid what they deserve and this makes it harder for them to pay for their life disbursals ( Fishman ) . Wal-Mart has had over 100 cases refering pay and hr misdemeanors. They have been charged with non giving workers federally mandated interruptions and tiffins. They have besides required workers to take their missed interruptions or overtime before the Friday’s terminal of the wage period. which is an illegal act. Wal-Mart has been accused for non paying full-time benefits for workers who work 40 hours or more per hebdomad. In 2005 in the province of California. Wal-Mart was forced to pay $ 172 million in amendss. There has been several instances of where Wal-Mart has had to pay many 1000000s of dollars for employee amendss. The ethical issue in this instance would be fairness. All employees should be granted what they deserve and what they were promised ( Greenhouse ) . Wal-Mart does non pay many of their employees plenty money to back up their household or even have wellness attention. They pay 26-37 % less than the national norm for the same occupations in the retail industry. Wal-Mart pays poorness degree rewards and this is really unethical because they make such immense net incomes that can let them to pay nice life rewards. Wal-Mart net incomes more by utilizing State Governments to fund wellness attention for its employees which is non just to their rivals or the society ( Olsson ) . Wal-Mart has the worst wellness bundles when compared with their rivals. For illustration they cover merely approximately 50 % of their employees while the national norm for major retail merchants is about 64 % . Wal-Mart employees have to wait for 6 months to acquire wellness insurance compared to the national norm of 3 months. They even charge excess for exigency room visits and ambulance use. Besides. employees with preexistent conditions have to wait at least one twelvemonth to have any intervention. Alternatively of seeking to give their employees the bare lower limit. Wal-Mart should readapt their monetary values and wages so that adequate money would travel towards things like basic wellness attention ( Fishman ) . Thorough surveies have been done every bit good as many tribunal instances that prove that Wal-Mart discriminates against adult females by non paying them every bit much as their male opposite numbers. It is besides much rarer for adult females to be promoted to upper direction than it is a male. A 2003 survey was done that showed that adult females received 37 cents an hr less than the work forces that held the same place. Female directors earn about $ 5. 000 less than male directors. Even though 72 % of Wal-Mart’s work force consists of adult females they still merely do up 33 % of all directors. Jon Lehman who is a former Wal-Mart shop director said that most of the higher-ups believed that adult females are useless at Wal-Mart. An African American adult female asked a superior if she wasn’t promoted to direction because she was a adult female or because she was black and the superior replied that two out of two isn’t bad. Not merely is this against the jurisprudence. but it is really immoral every bit good as discriminatory ( Norman ) . Merely one audit of one week’s worth of clip clock records at one specific Wal-Mart showed that bush leagues were working excessively tardily at dark. during school hours. and were working excessively many hours a twenty-four hours. It besides found more than 60. 000 instances of bush leagues non taking interruptions and even more instances of bush leagues working through meal times. This is unethical because bush leagues should be concentrating on school and non working excessively many hours at Wal-Mart. A Wal-Mart in CT was given immense misdemeanors for holding bush leagues working with machinery such as paper balers. chain saw. and forklifts. Childs are non at the age of consent to run such machinery in any manner. Hideous incidences were discovered in a Wal-Mart mill in Bangladesh where kids were routinely beaten. forced to work overtime for small or no wage. and were told to lie about their age ( Greenhouse ) . In China. workers are treated more like slaves than people. They are treated as tools to acquire the work done as rapidly and cheaply as possible. They are taught to lie to inspectors and hearers about the sum of clip they work and the on the job conditions that they endure ( Greenhouse ) . They were told that if they didn’t lie so they would lose their occupation. Wal-Mart pays merely 18 cents for a merchandise that is made in China that they charge $ 14. 96 for in America. It was reported that a Wal-Mart provider mill employed bush leagues every bit immature as 12 working them for inordinate overtime hours and for under lower limit pay. They were besides working with chemicals without any protective cogwheel. All human existences should be treated with a certain degree of respect regardless of age or ethnicity. Wal-Mart should better their on the job conditions and rectify all state of affairss of unethical behaviour particularly towards those who are under age and non supposed to be working in the first topographic point ( Fishman ) . Wal-Mart claims to care about the environment. but they really harm the environment. They lied about holding an environmental individual dedicated to these issues and they don’t really have an environmentally friendly policy in topographic point. Wal-Mart shows to hold more of an turning away towards their harming of the environment. They have been known to set chemicals into the environment that can do birth defects every bit good as hive awaying fertilisers in parking tonss unprotected. Wal-Mart has seemed to go on to disregard the thought of better storage for certain merchandises and necessary environmental policies. Over a few old ages span Wal-Mart has had to blast out 1000000s of dollars to pay for Clean Water Act misdemeanors ( Olsson ) . Wal-Mart has received one million millions of dollars in subsidies to put up store nationally every bit good as some other states. Wal-Mart is so profitable that it does non necessitate to have money from anyone. If Wal-Mart was a community witting organisation so they wouldn’t need any money from metropoliss. provinces. or communities. They frequently set up their shops on the outskirts of town so they can have free plumbing. nevertheless other companies and citizens have to pay for such public-service corporations themselves when they’re in the same state of affairs ( Bianco ) . Sam Walton was known for practising corporate socialism. He sought out free land. long term rentals at monetary values below market. acquiring workers trained at the government’s disbursal. and even pocketing gross revenues revenue enhancements. He besides had a $ 37 million incline and roadway constructed for Wal-Mart’s corporate central office in Arizona which the State paid for ( Fishman ) . The government’s money that is traveling to Wal-Mart could be traveling towards things such as instruction and edifice our young person. They are a really selfish organisation that strives to acquire bigger separately and have complete neglect for everyone else. There was a instance in Denver where three schools ended up shutting because there was non adequate money to maintain them unfastened. nevertheless around that same clip period Wal-Mart received $ 2 million. It is really unethical and non staying by free market policies to give such a immense shop like Wal-Mart such a competitory advantage when the ma and dad shops continue to travel out of concern ( Bianco ) . By being such an unethical company Wal-Mart is seting smaller. trusty concerns out of concern. Since they pay really low rewards and receive money from provinces and authoritiess. they can bear down such a inexpensive monetary value which in return puts those smaller concerns that have to bear down somewhat more for the same merchandises out of concern. It is merely obviously incorrect how Wal-Mart dainties everyone that is involved with their organisation and the rivals. They don’t attention about the economic system or the environment ; they merely care about how much money they can roll up. It is estimated that Wal-Mart’s trade shortage with China eliminated 200. 000 U. S. occupations between 2001 and 2006 ( Olsson ) . If Wal-Mart was its ain state so it would be China’s 8th largest trading spouse. Wal-Mart is able to hold such inexpensive goods because the safety criterions are lower in China which in return puts the American consumer at hazard. This is really unethical because Wal-Mart is put on the lining their consumer’s wellness by seeking to maximise their ain net incomes. By offering such low monetary values. Wal-Mart is seting other companies out of concern that really sell quality merchandises that are safe to the consumer ( Bianco ) . Wal-Mart has 100s of cameras and security guards inside their shops to protect their ain ware. but it’s a wholly different narrative when it comes to the type of security that is present in the parking tonss or exterior of the shops. There has been so many shots. carjackings. and muggings in Wal-Mart parking tonss that many local constabulary sections have asked Wal-Mart to engage on site security guards to assist protect against such behaviour. However. for the most portion Wal-Mart has failed to make so. Wal-Mart has known of these types of issues in their parking tonss. but have continued to turn their caputs in the opposite way ( Norman ) . When Wal-Mart plans for new shop locations. there are many militants and groups of people that oppose and try to protest the building of the new shop. Wal-Mart tends to disregard issues such as traffic congestion. possible environmental jobs. public safety. and bad public dealingss. In 2004 Wal-Mart opened a shop in Mexico merely over a stat mi from the historic Teotihuacan archeological site and the Pyramid of the Moon. This caused a batch of protests with the locals because they thought this was a really disrespectful impression. By constructing a Wal-Mart in such a symbolic country it was seen by many as puting one of the chief perpetrators of globalisation in the bosom of ancient Mexico ( Fishman ) . In 1998 Wal-Mart wanted to open a shop in Nashville. Tennessee right on top of Native American burial evidences and where a Civil War conflict took topographic point. Protests took topographic point. nevertheless Wal-Mart won the conflict and ended up traveling the Gravess so they could build the new shop. If this isn’t immoral and disrespectful so I don’t cognize what is. I would hold to believe that there would be other locations where they could hold opened the shop. It about seems as if Wal-Mart likes to demo their power in any manner possible ( Norman ) . Wal-Mart can non warrant all the incorrect that they have done to many people and communities by merely offering and go oning to show their low monetary values. Money may do the universe go about. but it won’t salvage the universe. People’s actions is what will do this universe a better topographic point to populate in. Sacrificing the environment and human rights is merely immoral and unethical mere ly so one major monopolistic organisation can go on to offer the lowest monetary values possible. Wal-Mart demands to be held accountable for all of their actions irrespective of the sum of money they produce. It is really hard to supervise and command such a immense companies actions and to seek and halt them from being wholly unethical. The result of their unethical behaviour has been many cases and they merely continue to come up. Wal-Mart has such a immense net income that these cases do non halt them from being unethical ( Bianco ) . Hopefully Wal-Mart’s unethical behaviour will finally catch up with them. Wal-Mart higher-ups at the corporate degree should understand that unethical behaviour finally turns around to seize with teeth you but they continue to disregard the issues. It will take many old ages to wholly decide the type of unethical behaviour that is allowed but stairss need to be taken to make that kind of end. A complete restructuring of the company and those in charge may be necessary to cleanse the unethical behaviour. The right people and policies must be in topographic point from top-down to every Wal-Mart shop across the full universe. Once they realize all the issues and experience the demand to rectify them. so they can look frontward to the hereafter in a positive and ethical manner that will profit everybody involved. MentionsBianco. Anthony ; Zellner. Wendy. Is Walmart Too Powerful? Business Week. 2003. Fishman. Charles. The Walmart You Don’t Know. Fast Company. 2003. Greenhouse. Steven. In-House Audit Says Walmart Violated Labor Laws. The New York Times. 2004. Norman. Al. The Case Against Wal-Mart. Raphel Marketing. ISBN 0-9711542-3-6. 2004. Olsson. Karen. Up Against Walmart. Mother Jones. 2003

Service learning activity Essays

Service learning activity Essays Service learning activity Essay Service learning activity Essay The United States Air Force holds an annual marathon that was first established in September 20, 1997 and has been held annually ever since on the first Saturday nearest to the date of establishment of the US Air Force which is on September 18, 1974.   The USAF holds the race to commemorate its years of aviation achievements, developments, and services.   It is held at the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio every year.   It is a large scale race where the participants come from all over the world.   The race includes a half marathon, a wheelchair race for the disabled and a four-person relay race where four persons run as a team to finish the race.   Although no prize money is given to the winners, the USAF gives customized medals as well as a few other goodies to the finishers and well crafted trophies and plaques for the placers.This year, the event was held last September 15.   It was attended by famous champion runners Dick Beardsl ey and Alberto Salazar.   The 2002 Bill Bowerman Coaching Award Recipient Bill Squires was also there.   However, the marathon is limitedly sponsored thus the need for volunteers to help organize the events and give support to the runners.   As a student, to volunteer for the USAF marathon is a great experience.   From the view of a volunteer hydration station worker, as well as a stand up and clean up crew of the race, the experience of watching experienced runners is surely overwhelming.The student was assigned at hydration station number six, a station roughly 6.5 miles away from the start/finish line and just a mile or so away from the half-marathon turning point. It is also just north of the Nutter Center.   It is supervised by the Wright State University.   Hydration station number six is one of the most significant stations.   It is located at a point in the course map where it would be passed by the finishers at the end of the race. Its significance to the race is due to the â€Å"mortality rate† of the finishers.   In this race, only 1,604 among the thousands of registered participants finished the race.From the station’s location, the student could witness all possible views that could be observed from the marathon.   The placers and all the finishers pass through station six to reach the finish line.   The volunteers for this station are part of those people that are last to leave their station.   The work for the volunteers of station six is tiresome.   Not only do you need to stay there until the signal that all the runners have all arrived safely has been given but volunteers also need to be constantly alert to give the racers hydration and food to help them finish the race and keep them supported.The presence of volunteers in big events like this greatly affects the whole event’s possible outcomes.   The more volunteers that are present, the more man power is available at times of emergency.   Als o, the clean up and preparation of the event becomes easier when there is more man power.   Besides the cleaning, setting up, and other works of volunteers, the event’s organizers also benefit financially when there are volunteers.   More volunteers mean less people to hire for specific works.   Instead of hiring mass numbers of workers, the organizers only need to hire some workers to do some specific jobs that volunteers cannot do.   Other costs that are cut because of volunteer presence are of transport, medical, and marshal services.The organizers are not the only one’s that benefit from events like this.   Volunteers gain experience on how to help in marathons, learn first aid, experience work, and understand how marathons and other related events function and work.   Also, by observing the participants, a lot of other things could be learned.   The physical reaction and health condition of one’s body to certain, if not extreme, conditions of running is one.   Another would be the strategies that a champion runner uses in winning the race.   These and more other things could be learned by volunteering.The experience of being a volunteer is tiring but it is also enjoyable and heart-warming.   Being able to help other people at their times of need, in this case of water and food throughout the race, is a heart-warming and self-fulfilling experience.   The view is good, because USAF planes are passing over you every now and then, which makes it a worthwhile experience.   The experience of being a volunteer for the USAF marathon can be scaled in a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being the highest; the experience would land on 4.   Over all, the experience of being a volunteer in the September 15, 2007 USAF marathon is an enjoyable, if not overwhelming, very good experience.

Career Plan as part of my CV preparation Assignment

Career Plan as part of my CV preparation - Assignment Example In two years time I can see myself as a graduate student of Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering in the University of San Carlos. In my two years left in college, I can achieve this goal by attending to all my classes in every semester, by listening attentively to my professor’s lecture and by studying in advance so that I will have the upper hand advantage in class. I would also take up the 2 summer class I have left to speed up my education in college. I will continue to be active in extra curricular activities such as being in the swimming varsity team because of the extra credit and exposure I am gaining from it. I will also do my best and show my potential in work during my On-the-Job-Training so that I will have a good working record and gain referrals from seniors in the industry and that companies will prioritize my application when I apply. All of these will bring and guide me to my goal which is to finish my college degree with quality education and good reput ation. In 5 years time I see myself competing and building my way to the corporate world. In this time span I see myself working in an oil company such as Saudi Arabian Oil Co., National Iranian Co., or any other leading company. This is an attainable goal because I am equipped with the knowledge and training needed to do this job when I was in college. I will be patient and positive in applying for these top oil companies, I will do my best in job interviews by attending seminars and gaining tips from human resource experts. During this span of time I will aim for a promotion such as the position for engineering manager. I can achieve this goal by being pro-active in work, apply what I have learned in school and by striving excellence in work so that the management will see that I am worthy of the promotion. I will avoid any workplace violations that would interfere with the

Methods of marketing research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Methods of marketing research - Essay Example This differentiate it from Quantitative Research in which a large group of respondents provide data that are statistically analyzed. Qualitative research methods are used primarily as a prelude to quantitative research. They are used to define a problem, generate hypotheses, identify determinants, and develop quantitative research designs. They are expensive and slow. Because of the low number of respondents involved, these exploratory research methods cannot be used to generalize to the whole population. They are however, very valuable for exploring an issue and are used by almost all researchers. Quantitative research is an overall presentation of a research. It defines the problem, the research design and the method of data collection and most of all the data is interpreted using the various statistical tools like The data collected is interpreted and presented using charts, graphs and diagrams to be easily understood. The quantitative technique is more accurate because it involves a large number of sample compared to the qualitative technique. As qualitative technique is a proceeding event to the quantitative technique, it is used to define a problem, generate hypothesis identify determinants, and devel... They are expensive and slow. Because of the low number of respondents involved, these exploratory research methods cannot be used to generalize to the whole population. They are however, very valuable for exploring an issue and are used by almost all researchers. Examples: include focus groups, in-depth interviews, and projective techniques. Why Quantitative is more important in marketing research Quantitative research is an overall presentation of a research. It defines the problem, the research design and the method of data collection and most of all the data is interpreted using the various statistical tools like Parametric tests of a single sample: t test, z test. Parametric tests of two independent samples: two-group t test, z test. Parametric tests of two independent samples: two-group t test, z test Nominal/ordinal level test of a single sample: chi-square, Kolmogorov-Smirnov one sample test, runs test, binomial test and many more The data collected is interpreted and presented using charts, graphs and diagrams to be easily understood. The quantitative technique is more accurate because it involves a large number of sample compared to the qualitative technique. As qualitative technique is a proceeding event to the quantitative technique, it is used to define a problem, generate hypothesis identify determinants, and develop quantitative research designs, and qualitative research design cannot be used to generalize the whole population as it involves a less number of respondents. Example : If pepsi wants to launch its soft drink in a country and the manager wants to research that whether his soft drink (pepsi) would be suitable and profitable to launch in that country, then

Biological Science in the News #4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Biological Science in the News #4 - Assignment Example The using of non-food biomass for gasoline production is more preferable. Previous studies showed the possibility of obtaining long-chain alkanes containing 13-17 carbon atoms. The new strategy of microbial gasoline production give opportunity to get fatty acid derivatives that are shorter comparing normal intracellular fatty acid metabolites. The presented strategy introduces a novel synthetic pathway for the biosynthesis of short-chain alkanes. This can be the basis for obtaining gasoline, as well as other compounds like short-chain fatty esters and short-chain fatty alcohols. What amounts of energy are used for obtaining of 1 liter of gasoline? Was energy consumption for production of gasoline by metabolically-engineered microorganism less than energy consumption during oil refining? Gasoline production by microorganisms could be one of the possible sources of fossil fuel production. The advantage of this strategy is processing of non-food biomass. However, the amount of obtained hydrocarbons is relatively small. Further researches should be aimed on the increasing of product yield. I personally think that the presented strategy change the dependence from oil into dependence from biomass gasoline. The using of developed strategy for obtaining of other compounds is more

Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8

Music - Essay Example and ran up to 1000A.D. Gregory, a Christian pope who served for 14 years, from 590 A.D. is believed to have largely contributed to the type of music. One of the major characteristics of the medieval period music is the monophonic feature that developed a single melody line for a piece of music. Polyphonic types of music however developed late in the period, after the 12th century, but this music type remains unique and cannot be confused with music from other periods (Thinkquest, n.d.). The renaissance period, a two-century long duration, marks the second phase of music’s history. Even though the period’s developments were engineered from the church, secular artists soon took centre stage and significantly dominated music. The basis of transition from the medieval period to the renaissance period was emotional attachment that was associated with words in music. The initiative that was developed by a church bishop was then followed by more advancement such as use of instruments in music. The polyphonic type of music in the period also differed from the one that developed in the medieval period (Thinkquest, n.d.). The end of the 17th century marked a transition from the renaissance music period to the baroque period that lasted for about a century and a half. It marked significant developments in music’s history with development of art that was â€Å"highly ornate, colorful and richly textured† (Thinkquest, n.d., p. 1). The period also incorporated other forms of art such as poetry into music’s presentation and involved higher-level application of instruments in music besides establishment of homophony as a music style. Polyphonic style of music also advanced besides other approaches such as orchestra, opera, and vocal music approaches (Thinkquest, n.d.). Classical period marked the end of baroque period in the year 1750 A.D. It involved transitions into a more balanced, proportionate and principled approach that marked a

Free writing journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 14

Free writing journal - Essay Example All the rest were cracked showing that women, though pretending to be tough are still vulnerable under extreme cold temperature. The story makes me feel the disappointment of the author with the society. Because she’s a woman, she understands how other women may have felt trapped within a marriage that does not allow them to grow and be themselves. I felt anger and frustration at how the men in the story treated women’s things and activities as trifles, useless, senseless things. I also felt the hidden anger, which was shown with the discovery of Mrs. Wright’s motive to kill her husband. I felt the undervalued strength of women as they band together, like sisters protecting their own, when the two wives took the evidence proving that Mrs. Wright has enough motive to kill her husband. This short story makes the reader realize that women are really in touch with their own nature and they are often misunderstood by men. It is full of symbolism showing how women are unappreciated and underestimated. But more than that I felt the calling within the story, the call for women to take arms and band themselves together in order to fight the injustice against women, to create a place for women in the world, not merely as slaves in marriage but as a partner towards creating a successful family and

History of Architecture Editing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

History of Architecture Editing - Essay Example According to David young and & Young Michiko in their book â€Å"Introduction to Japanese Architecture†, Unlike some Chinese and Western architecture, the Japanese architecture tries to avoid the use of stone unless deemed necessary for specific purposes as noted in the temple of the pagoda and podia foundations. The structural layout includes lintels and posts. The style of building the shrines also contributed to the construction style for domestic and urban architecture characterized by the nature of the building materials and the design of the tower. Buddhism, therefore, cited as a major contributor in the enhancement of Japanese architecture as noted by the building of temples (Young & Young, 2004). Japanese history of architecture went through numerous periods of innovation. The beginning of the 7th century became mostly dominated by wooden structures noted by temples and shrines built by the noblemen. This period in history referred to Nara and Asuka periods of architecture. They were also periods that marked the heightened growth of Japanese art and culture. In the 9th century, referred to as the Heian period was essentially a continuation of the architectural developments in the previous periods. It also marked a period of the beginning of the Chinese influence as one of the formidable architectural forces as Japanese architects of the time traveled and studied Chinese design. Thereafter, wood temples started to spring up in large numbers, together with other styles that were totally new, and yet a reminder of the old order. According to Charles Jencks in his book â€Å"Modern Movements in Architecture†, this era got closely followed by the Muromachi and Kamakura eras that got characterized by simplicity in design. The basic designs were a perfect reflection of the fact that the Japanese had graduated to the leadership of Samurai, the warrior class.

Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8

Music - Essay Example and ran up to 1000A.D. Gregory, a Christian pope who served for 14 years, from 590 A.D. is believed to have largely contributed to the type of music. One of the major characteristics of the medieval period music is the monophonic feature that developed a single melody line for a piece of music. Polyphonic types of music however developed late in the period, after the 12th century, but this music type remains unique and cannot be confused with music from other periods (Thinkquest, n.d.). The renaissance period, a two-century long duration, marks the second phase of music’s history. Even though the period’s developments were engineered from the church, secular artists soon took centre stage and significantly dominated music. The basis of transition from the medieval period to the renaissance period was emotional attachment that was associated with words in music. The initiative that was developed by a church bishop was then followed by more advancement such as use of instruments in music. The polyphonic type of music in the period also differed from the one that developed in the medieval period (Thinkquest, n.d.). The end of the 17th century marked a transition from the renaissance music period to the baroque period that lasted for about a century and a half. It marked significant developments in music’s history with development of art that was â€Å"highly ornate, colorful and richly textured† (Thinkquest, n.d., p. 1). The period also incorporated other forms of art such as poetry into music’s presentation and involved higher-level application of instruments in music besides establishment of homophony as a music style. Polyphonic style of music also advanced besides other approaches such as orchestra, opera, and vocal music approaches (Thinkquest, n.d.). Classical period marked the end of baroque period in the year 1750 A.D. It involved transitions into a more balanced, proportionate and principled approach that marked a

History of Architecture Editing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

History of Architecture Editing - Essay Example According to David young and & Young Michiko in their book â€Å"Introduction to Japanese Architecture†, Unlike some Chinese and Western architecture, the Japanese architecture tries to avoid the use of stone unless deemed necessary for specific purposes as noted in the temple of the pagoda and podia foundations. The structural layout includes lintels and posts. The style of building the shrines also contributed to the construction style for domestic and urban architecture characterized by the nature of the building materials and the design of the tower. Buddhism, therefore, cited as a major contributor in the enhancement of Japanese architecture as noted by the building of temples (Young & Young, 2004). Japanese history of architecture went through numerous periods of innovation. The beginning of the 7th century became mostly dominated by wooden structures noted by temples and shrines built by the noblemen. This period in history referred to Nara and Asuka periods of architecture. They were also periods that marked the heightened growth of Japanese art and culture. In the 9th century, referred to as the Heian period was essentially a continuation of the architectural developments in the previous periods. It also marked a period of the beginning of the Chinese influence as one of the formidable architectural forces as Japanese architects of the time traveled and studied Chinese design. Thereafter, wood temples started to spring up in large numbers, together with other styles that were totally new, and yet a reminder of the old order. According to Charles Jencks in his book â€Å"Modern Movements in Architecture†, this era got closely followed by the Muromachi and Kamakura eras that got characterized by simplicity in design. The basic designs were a perfect reflection of the fact that the Japanese had graduated to the leadership of Samurai, the warrior class.

Literature Contrast Essay Example for Free

Literature Contrast Essay Compare between A Clear Well-lighted Place and A Rose for Emily Abstract: Hemingway and Faulkner both were winners of the Nobel Prize in literature, and had world-wide fame. Although they were close friends, they created rather distinct literary world for their readers. A Clear Well-lighted Place and A Rose for Emily are rather typical of their works. This essay aims to reveal the differences and uncover their unique appeal through analyzing these two novels from four perspectives: theme; character; characterization; writing style. Key Words:Hemingway;Faulkner; theme; character; characterization; writing style. Introduction: A Clear Well-lighted Place expresses an old man’s loneliness and despairs for life. The old man wanted to stay up in the bar and kept drinking, while the young waiter complained a lot and drove him away, but the older waiter showed more sympathy. A Rose for Emily is also a sad story about a girl named Emily who was raised by her father and forbidden to contact with outsides. she poisoned her boyfriend and kept his corpus beside her till death. . Theme The theme of a novel is its controlling idea or its central insight. Being an idea or an insight, the theme should be capable of unifying the whole novel. A Clear Well-lighted Place is the one of early works of Hemingway. The depression and hopelessness left by the world war were not easy to be erased. People may be rich, like the millionaire, but when night dawned, his loneliness and despair for this world force him to find a clear well-lighted place, for light symbolized hope. Faulkner’s work mainly depicted life in Southern slavery-based society, and try desperately to reproduce a south town around the civil war and focused on people’s stubbornness: they refused to admit the original south was gone. This story spanned about 74 years telling a life being restricted and isolated and in return try to isolate others. Character The old man’s character is complex, being depressed and wearisome, but still kept his dignity; rich, but unhappy; mature, but lost his belief. For example, â€Å"It was very late and everyone had left the cafe except an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the tree made against the electric light. In the day time the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference. †(A Clear Well-lighted Place. Ernest Hemingway) This paragraph is at the beginning. He would rather spend the time sipping alone. Besides, he chooses to sit under the shadow instead of the light, and the shadow symbolize the gloom and despair. However, in the William Faulkner’s novel, A Rose for Emily , arrogance, mental confusion, stubbornness and a nature passion for love have all together shaped Emily, and have eventually led to her doom. Her loneliness accompanied her for her whole life. I want some poison, she said. Yes, Miss Emily. What kind? For rats and such? Id recom I want the best you have. I dont care what kind. The druggist named several. Theyll kill anything up to an elephant. But what you want is Arsenic, Miss Emily said. Is that a good one? Is . . . arsenic? Yes, maam. But what you want I want arsenic. (A Rose for Emily. William Faulkner) This is a conversation about Miss Emily. From the dialog between Miss Emily and druggist . when the druggist did not finish, Emily interrupted in and say she did not care. We can see her arrogance. When the druggist asked many times about her want, Emily pay no attention and repeated the word arsenic again and again. It showed her stubbornness. Characterization In the dramatic Characterization method the author form our opinion of the characters from what they do and say, from their environment, and from what other characters think of them. Just like the story in A Clear Well-lighted Place, Through the monologue of the older waiter, we know the old man’s loneliness and desire for light and hope. Through the old man’s own behaviour, like staying up under the shadow, we know his despairs and gloominess. In the analytic method the author comments upon the characters, explaining their motives, their appearance, and their thought. The narrator of A Rose for Emily is called first person . The author uses much comments upon the characters. For Emily, he shows more sympathy than blame, and he owe her tragedy to the unjust doings of her father. Writing Style Their images in A Clear Well-lighted Place are shown vividly with concise and plain words, and refined rhetorical skills. Ernest Hemingway advocates using the simplest and fewest words, direct description and short sentence. For example,In the daytime the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference. (A Clear Well-lighted Place. Ernest Hemingway) In this excerpt, few adjectives and no difficult words are used. Also there are no long sentences and compound sentences. While Ernest Hemingway pursues the beauty of simplicity, his friend William Faulkner become a master of a rhetoric, highly symbolic style . which will employ many long complex sentences. For example, When Miss Emily Grierson died, our whole town went to her funeral: the men through a sort of respectful affection for a fallen monument , the women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her house, which no one save an old man-servant—a combined gardener and cook—had seen in at least ten years. (A Rose for Emily. William Faulkner) Notice the dash, commas and the clauses. In fact, clauses found in the sentence are in opposition of each other, and so Faulkner successfully depicts a sound scene within one sentence. Conclusion We have studied two classical novels from the four perspectives: theme; character; characteristics; writing style. Both novels told sad stories, but their theme are distinct. The first story lasted for one night while the second one spanned for 74 years and covered much more content. The old man and Emily shared the loneliness, but the other features varied a lot. The first story was short, simple and full of philosophical meanings, nevertheless, Faulkner’s lengthy and obscure. Despite of all these differences, they made good impression on reader. One is like the sharp mountain, clear, simple, but not easily to climb, while the other is a lengthy river, twisted, obscure, and need you to dive in to feel it. References: [1]  ·. [M]. : ,1983: 32. [2] ,. â€Å" †[J]. ( ) ,2010,( 7) : 105 107. [3] . [M]. : ,2002: 6. [4] Justus,James H. Hemingway and Faulkner: Vision and Repudiation [J]. The Kenyon Review,New Series,1985,7( 49) : 1 14. [5] Philip M. Weinstein. ———  · [M]. : ,2000. [6]  ·. [M]. : ?,2006.

How To Prevent Tooth Decay

How To Prevent Tooth Decay 1. Introduction Fotek (2012) noted that tooth decay, which is also called dental caries or dental cavities, is a source of infection, causing the loss of mineral salts and devastation of the hard tissues such as enamel, dentin and cementum. It is a result of the bacterial fermentation of the food. If it is untreated, itll lead to pain. Nowadays, tooth decay is remain one of the most popular health problems all over the world. In fact, everyone can easily have problems with tooth decay but children are at the highest risk. Tooth decay has its own long history. University of Illinois (n.d) recommends that over a million years ago, hominid like Australopithecus suffered from cavities. Some evidences found by Archaeologies show that tooth decay is an ancient disease in prehistorically period (University of Illinois n.d). Evidence such as skulls which are excavated through the neolithic period gives signs of caries (University of Illinois). Richards (2002, p.1275) suggests that in South Asia, the growth in caries is related to the rice cultivation. From 5000 BC, Sumerian considered tooth worm as the cause of tooth decay. The proof of this belief has been found in some Asian countries such as India, Egypt, Japan and China (Richards Norman 1990). A report in the NBC News (4 May 2006) revealed that in Pakistan, a 7000-year-old teeth show nearly perfect the holes from primitive dental drills. Thus, this paper, with the purpose to help people know more about tooth decay and learn how to prevent it. 2. Discussion of findings 2.1. The signs and symptoms of tooth decay A recent study by Health Promotion Board shows that : A person experiencing caries may not be aware of the disease. The visual aspect of a chalky white place in the surface of tooth is the earliest mark of a new carious lesion, showing an area of demineralization of enamel (King 2011). As the wound continues to demineralization, it can turn brown but finally will turn into cavity (Clake n.d). In Dental Cavities (2012) continues when the tooth enamel and dentine are destroyed, the tooth decay becomes noticeable, the affected area of tooth also becomes vulnerable. Moreover, once the decay passes through enamel and reach to the nerve of the tooth will result in a toothache. Bad breath and foul tastes are also the consequences of dental caries (Clake n.d). 2.2. Causes of tooth decay There are four main reasons for tooth decay organization: teeth, bacteria, fermentable carbohydrates and time. Smith, B. Pickard, H. M. (1990) states that the caries process does not have an unavoidable result and different people will have different degrees basing on the form of their teeth, oral hygiene habits, and the content of their saliva. The first reason that Neville (2002, p.89) stated is that teeth are affected by many diseases that can leave an individual at a great risk for caries. He also said that Amelogenesis imperfect, which occurs between 1 in 718 and 1 in 1,400 individuals, is a disease that the enamel does not form in full or forms in deficient amounts that can fall off a tooth. Therefore, teeth may be more vulnerable because the enamel is not able to protect the tooth in both cases (Neville, p.94). The cause of tooth decay by disease affecting the teeth is not the main reason in almost people. Cate (1998, p.1) indicated that: Ninety-six percent of tooth enamel is composed of minerals and when let out to the acidic environment, these minerals will become soluble. Once root surface of teeth are exposed, cavities can develop easily even in a healthy oral environment. Moving on to the next point, bacteria are present in mouth to change over the sugars and amylum into acids (Priya Johnson 2012). A substance called plaque in the mouth is the combination of bacteria, acid and saliva (Johnson 2012). This compound is sticky and cling itself to the teeth, especially on the surface of grinders and at the edges of teeth fillings (Johnson 2012). Plaque compile within 20 minutes after eating, the time when most bacteria action starts (Johnson 2012). In addition, the more food is consumed, the more plaque is formed (Johnson 2012). The third reason referred to the fermentable carbohydrates. Bacteria in a persons mouth convert glucose, fructose into acids like lactic acid via a process called fermentation, when contacting with the tooth, these may cause demineralization (Neville 2002). Fluoride toothpaste can help demineralization (Silverstone 1983). An amount of mineral content may be lost if demineralization keeps continuing so that forming a hole (Madigan Martinko p.705). The impact like sugars has on the process of tooth decay named carcinogenicity (Madigan Martinko p.705). According to British Nutrition Foundation (2004), the oftenness that teeth are exposed to acidic environments affected the likeliness of caries evolution. UCLASD (2006) suggested that after meals, the bacteria in the mouth metabolize sugar that decreases pHs As time goes by, the pH returns normal due to the capacity of saliva and the faded mineral content of tooth surface (UCLASD 2006). During every exposure to the acidic environment, part of inorganic mineral content at the teeth surface can remain dissolved for 2 hours (UCLASD 2006). If the diet is rich in carbohydrates, the carious process can start within days of the tooth erupting into the mouth (UCLASD 2006). Summit (2001, p.75) suggests that the introduction of fluoride treatments can slow down the process. Proximal caries take four years to pass through enamel in permanent teeth because the cementum enclosing the root surface is not as long-lasting as the enamel, root caries attended to progress more rapidly than on other sur faces (Summit 2001). 2.3. How to prevent tooth decay? Everyone wishes they had beautiful teeth but they do not know how to protect their teeth. Keeping cleaning outside and inside teeth is essential for long-lasting look as well as tooth strength. Oral hygiene is one of the most important methods to prevent dental caries. Personal oral hygiene care compounds of brushing and flossing everyday (Nguyen 2011). He also suggests that in order to prevent dental caries, people need to brush teeth after every meal. Besides, brush teeth regularly in the morning and evening, or at least once a day after dinner. Brush teeth with a soft bristle brush, brush inside, outside and chewing surfaces (Nguyen 2011). Using toothpaste contained fluoride, drinking water or salt to supplement fluoride can reduce 30% of dental caries (Nguyen 2011). Beside oral hygiene, a report in the Helium (2011) revealed that everyone should have the dentist checked every 6 months. If the plaque is found building up between your teeth, note what the dentist says. Listening to what the dentists said can also help to lessen the appearance of plaque. Finally, dietary alteration also helps people to prevent tooth decay. For dental health, the amount of sugar that is taken in is more important than the amount of sugar used up (British Nutrition Foundation, 2004). Hence, the recommendation of minimizing snacking is brought out because snacking produces a supply of nutrition for acid-producing in the mouth. For children, the American Dental Association and the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry suggest to reduce the oftenness of drinks with sugar. And not giving baby bottles to babies when they sleep. The guideline of Clinical Affairs Committee (2012) is also recommended mothers not to share utensils and cups with their babies to prevent transmitting bacteria from mothers mouth. 2.4. Tooth decay in Vietnam As stated in Dan tri (2012), with the parents, the smile of children are always the precious things. However, they do not care much about their childrens teeth or many false views lead to some unpredicted consequences. Parents often think that it is too soon to teach their children how to protect the teeth, and baby teeth will be replaced by permanent teeth; its time for children to brush teeth two times a day to avoid tooth decay. In fact, it is extremely wrong if children have tooth decay in the period of baby teeth, they will at risk of tooth decay in adulthood. Currently, according to the Vietnamese Smile Protection Program (2012), about 85% of children aged 6 to 8 suffered from tooth decay; 60 90% of children have gingivitis. Not as romantic as the fairy tales that the tooth fairy would make the tooth disappears, they also emphasized that if not treated; tooth decay will lead to pancreatitis and cause pain. There are many reasons for the alarming number of childrens oral health, including the lack of parental attention to this issue. Parents accidentally support the childrens bad habits such as improper brushing, eating too much sweet. Oral health status was at risk. According to Hanoi Medical University, up to 90.4% of children were examined with plaque. According to this statistics, tooth decay in ages of 6-8 is 84.9%, permanent caries at ages of 9-11 is 54.6%. This has become the common concern not only of the society but also the dental experts who know most about dental problems as well as the importance of teeth for the development of children. As the result, children need dental care as soon as the appearance of the first tooth, also maintain proper brushing habits will help children learn how to take care of their tooth.

Physical Value in Keats Ode on a Grecian Urn Essay -- Ode on a Grecia

Physical Value in Keats' Ode on a Grecian Urn The poetry of John Keats contains many references to physical things, from nightingales to gold and silver-garnished things, and a casual reader might be tempted to accept these at face value, as simple physical objects meant to evoke a response either sensual or emotional; however, this is not the case. Keats, in the poem Ode Upon a Grecian Urn, turns the traditional understanding of physical objects on its head, and uses them not solid tangible articles, but instead as metaphors for and connections to abstract concepts, such as truth and eternity. In the poem, Keats dismisses the value of physical things as only corporeal for what he feels is more substantial and lasting, the indefinite and abstruse concepts behind them. It would be beneficial to gain a historical perspective on the poem. Ode Upon a Grecian Urn was written at the height of Keats' creative output, in May of 1819; in this same month he wrote the Ode Upon a Nightingale and the Ode Upon Melancholy. It is worth noting that two of the subjects of these odes are physical things, because Keats is chiefly remembered for his writing about physical, sensual things. Yet he betrays this attempt at classification; the Grecian urn is more than just an ancient piece of pottery which Keats values because it has in some ways defeated time ("when old age shall this generation waste / thou shalt remain. . . ", lines 46-47) and because it will never cease depicting youth and gaiety (". . .that cannot shed / Your leaves, nor ever bid the Spring adieu", lines 21-22). Keats values this urn because of the message it conveys (directly or indirectly, a topic which will reviewed later), ... ...- C - E. There is alliteration also in the poem; "silence and slow", "leaf-fringed legend", "Ah, happy, happy boughs" and "Of marble men and maidens overwrought" are examples of such. In conclusion, in the poem Ode Upon a Grecian Urn, the poet John Keats uses language and the object of his poem, a urn from Ancient Greece, to link abstract actions and concepts to physical, real, concrete things, in many different ways. Using iambic pentameter, and a unique rhyme scheme, and some devices of figurative language, Keats' sets up a melodic, beautifully flowing poem which well serves the purpose he gives it. Truly, abstract images and notions are seamlessly, subtly connected to the physical world around them. Works Cited Hunter, J. Paul 1999. The Norton Introduction to Poetry. New York, New York. Ode Upon a Grecian Urn, pages 323-324. Physical Value in Keats' Ode on a Grecian Urn Essay -- Ode on a Grecia Physical Value in Keats' Ode on a Grecian Urn The poetry of John Keats contains many references to physical things, from nightingales to gold and silver-garnished things, and a casual reader might be tempted to accept these at face value, as simple physical objects meant to evoke a response either sensual or emotional; however, this is not the case. Keats, in the poem Ode Upon a Grecian Urn, turns the traditional understanding of physical objects on its head, and uses them not solid tangible articles, but instead as metaphors for and connections to abstract concepts, such as truth and eternity. In the poem, Keats dismisses the value of physical things as only corporeal for what he feels is more substantial and lasting, the indefinite and abstruse concepts behind them. It would be beneficial to gain a historical perspective on the poem. Ode Upon a Grecian Urn was written at the height of Keats' creative output, in May of 1819; in this same month he wrote the Ode Upon a Nightingale and the Ode Upon Melancholy. It is worth noting that two of the subjects of these odes are physical things, because Keats is chiefly remembered for his writing about physical, sensual things. Yet he betrays this attempt at classification; the Grecian urn is more than just an ancient piece of pottery which Keats values because it has in some ways defeated time ("when old age shall this generation waste / thou shalt remain. . . ", lines 46-47) and because it will never cease depicting youth and gaiety (". . .that cannot shed / Your leaves, nor ever bid the Spring adieu", lines 21-22). Keats values this urn because of the message it conveys (directly or indirectly, a topic which will reviewed later), ... ...- C - E. There is alliteration also in the poem; "silence and slow", "leaf-fringed legend", "Ah, happy, happy boughs" and "Of marble men and maidens overwrought" are examples of such. In conclusion, in the poem Ode Upon a Grecian Urn, the poet John Keats uses language and the object of his poem, a urn from Ancient Greece, to link abstract actions and concepts to physical, real, concrete things, in many different ways. Using iambic pentameter, and a unique rhyme scheme, and some devices of figurative language, Keats' sets up a melodic, beautifully flowing poem which well serves the purpose he gives it. Truly, abstract images and notions are seamlessly, subtly connected to the physical world around them. Works Cited Hunter, J. Paul 1999. The Norton Introduction to Poetry. New York, New York. Ode Upon a Grecian Urn, pages 323-324.

Symbols and Symbolism in The Mask of the Red Death :: Mask Masque Red Death Essays

Symbolism in The Mask of the Red Death Thesis: Poe uses symbolism to unfold this gripping tale of terror. I. The first symbol in the story is the name of the Prince himself, Prince Prospero. II. The ebony clock is another major symbol within this tale. III. The black room is the most prominent symbol in the story but is not clear until the end. The mood of this story is set as a description of the Red Death is laid out for the reader. "The 'Red Death' had long devastated the country. No pestilence had ever been so fatal, or hideous." (Poe 72) This disease left scarlet stains upon it victims skin. Any victim of this disease was totally shunned by his fellow man. The final throws of this " Red Death " were an agonizing half hour of torment and seizure. Prince Prospero could no longer bear witness to this, so in fear of his life he took himself one thousand of his royal comrades and enough servants for all to a secluded abbey. He was sure the seclusion from the Red Death would save his life. He was wrong! Poe uses his supporting character Prince Prospero, to show the wealth of royalty in this story. This character's speaks of wealth and happiness. Prospero's wealth was so vast that he was easily able to support one thousand of his royal comrades, hundreds of servants, and a seemingly endless number of parties. However, it is very ironic that the prince of prosperity was the first to die. He was murdered by the main character of the story "The Red Death" itself. I believe this was to show the reader that one can not turn their back to society's problems without feeling the effects. The giant ebony clock screamed with the symbolism of the group's short amount of time left in this world. This clock had an over powering chime every hour. The chime paused its victims with disconcert and trepidation. This sound was so clear, and loud that it was heard by all, and even the most joyous grew pale. In the end the clock died just as the "Red Death" had taken its last victim, "And the life of the ebony clock went out with that the last of the gay" (75).